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3 SheetsSheet 1.

(No Model.)

S. W. DOUGLASS.

APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATION QF DEEP WELLS. 7 No. 339,630.

Patented Apr. 13, 1886.

N. PETERS. Phom-Lilhognphvr, wmin um. u. c,

3 SheetsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

,S. W. DOUGLASS.

APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATION OF DEEP WELLS.

Patented Apr 13; 1886.

I I u 7 In: j J} W. m J

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3. S. W. DOUGLASS.

APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATION OF DEEP WELLS. No. 339,630. Patented Apr. 13, 1886.

WITNESSES: l/Vl El/TOR N, PEYERS. PnaloLnhagn-phnr. waning. 0.0.

UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

SAMUEL \V. DOUGLASS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR THE FORMATION OF DEEP WELLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No 339,630, dated April 13, 1886.

Application filed January 14, 1886. Serial No. 188,489. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL W. DOUGLASS, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Apparatus 5 for the Formation of Deep "Wells, of which the following is such full, clear, and exact description as will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view showing connection through the lower supply conduit, casing, or tube in section. Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing connection through the 5 upper supply conduit, casing, or tube in section. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the swivelplunger. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a three-way valve. Fig. 5 is ahorizontal crosssection of the same. Fig. 6 shows a section of the plunger in vertical section. Fig. 7 is a section of modification of three-way cock for plunger-rod. Fig. 8 is a section of modification for cock in supply-pipe.

This invention relates to the devices whereby 5 pipes or tubes may be sunk in sands or quicksands, marls, clays, &c., by projecting therein a tube or pipe in sections, adding additional sections at the upper end, and maintaining in the pipe :1. continuous flow of water, and is an improvement on the apparatus described in Letters Patent No. 277,695,to Jarvis B. Edson, and in Letters Patent to me, No. 290,546.

This my invention consists of the combination of a swivel-plunger on ahollow stem pass ing through it, a. three-way cock attached to said stem, and couplings for two water-supply conduits, with a water-supply and a three-way cock and two watersupply conduits,the whole arranged so that the swivel-plunger may be fitted in a well tube or pipe and continuous water-supply maintained-through the two conduits, so as to allow the addition of lengths of pipe or tube at the upper end of the pipe being sunk, and the various combinations and methods of sinking wells hereinafter specified and claimed.

The plunger consists of a body, A, made of about the same diameter as the inside of the pipe 1?, (to be sunk,) in which it is to be used, preferably somewhat smaller. Through the center of the body A is a hole or opening in which a pipe orhollow stem, B, is secured, so

that the plunger may revolve independently of the stem, as hereinafter described.

To the body of the plunger A are attached the cup leather packings or buckets M and N, two or more in number, all cupped in the same direction, and all secured between proper rings or followers to the plunger-body A by the screws K K, or by any appropriate means, as by screw-rings firmly attached to the body of the plunger. The cup-leathers make a tight joint and act as a packing between the tube or pipe P and the plunger to which they are attached when subjected to an upward pressure of water, and conform themselves to the inequalities of the pi pe,and allow the pipe P to be lowered over them without much friction. The cup-leathers can be placed any desired distance apart, and will when placed a few inches apart cover the joint between two sections of pipe, and one of the cup-leathers will prevent leakage up past the plunger. The pipe or hollow stem B is made so that its lower end is smaller than. the rest of the stem up to the shoulder b,and has on its end a screw thread, 0. At the other end of the stem B is cut a screw-thread, O. The smaller portion of the stem B is passed through the body of. the plunger A until the shoulder 1) comes on the body of the plunger or on washers or metal friction-collars \V "W \V, when the, extreme end projects below the plunger. On the projection is placed the washer or collarX,and fastened by the nut (l, screwed on the thread 0, which nut is held in place by a setscrew or keeper, D. The stem B and plunger A are thus united, so that one may revolve freely without the other and maintain a water-tight joint between them, thus allowing the tube P to be revolved without turning the stem B,

and without wearing the packing between the plunger and the pipe P.

To the upper end of the stem B, on the screw-thread O, is fastened the thrce-way cock E, through which water is supplied from either of two waterconduits, H or J, made attachable and detachable at the openings in said cook. The cock is shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, and consists of the barrel E, having three openings, G, G, and H, each provided with internal screw-threads, and the valve F,

IOO

arranged therein,with an appropriate handle, i

so that the valve may be turned to close either as desired, by turning the valve therein.

the opening G or H, leaving the other openings clear. The water-supply conduits H and J are arranged to be attached by screw-threads to the openingsH and G,respectively, and will give a water-supply to the stem B through the valve from one or the other, as may be determined by the position of the valve F. The conduit not in use as a supply-pipe may be detached from the cook. The valve F is so made that the greatest outside diameter is less than the inside diameter of the pipe P, in which the apparatus is to be used. The waterconduit H is shown as ahose-connection with a short coupling-tube at the end, and the water-conduitJ as a long pipe, B, provided at the upper end with a swivel-connection, R,

with a hose, H, to the water-supply. Any other appropriate connection may be substitnted without departing from the nature of this my invention, as a continuous hose from the cock E to the cock S asa system of jointed or hinged tubing.

The water-conduits H and H connect with a three-way cock, S, similar in construction to that above described, through which water may be delivered to one or the other conduit, It is apparent that where two water-supplies are used the three-way cock S may be omitted and a simple cock placed in each supply.

Instead of the three-way cock E a checkvalve may be placed at each of the openings G and H, as shown in Fig. 7, and the supply regulated by the valve S, in accordance with the conduit through which water is to be supplied.

In Fig. 7 the barrel is made with three openings, like the barrel of cock E. There is, however, no valve F, and there are no openings in the barrel for the valve F to pass through. In the opening G is placed the valve-seat and grating, in which the valve 10 fits and is guided by a valve-stem passing through the grating. This valve is held normally closed to the valve'seat by a spring on the stem bearing on the grating-and a pin in the valve-stem. In the opening H are placed a valve-seat and grating in which the valve 12 fits and is guided by a double valve-stein, one end passing through the grating across the opening H and the other end through the bridge 9 on the side of the barrel opposite the opening H. This valve 12 is held normally to its seat by a spring on the stem bearing against the bridge 9 and the valve, the water-pressure on either valve 10 or 12 at the openings G or H being sufficient to open one and to tend to further close the other and prevent leakage.

Instead of the three-way valve S a T-coupling and two valves may be substituted, as shown in Fig. 8, wherein the conduit H is connected with cock 14. and conduit H with cook 16'. out departing from my invention.

, The apparatus above described is used in maintaining a continuous flow of water in a tube or pipe P while it is being sunk in sand These variances may be made with-- or other like ground without interrupting the flow, even when sections are added. to the pipe P at its upper end, and is intended to be used with such pipe P when it is armed or pro vided at its lower end with apoint, Y, through which are passages for the outflow of the water supplied to the tube P.

The mode of operation is as follows: On a suitable derrick-such as are commonly used in well-boring, and are shown at Figs. 1 and 2-is raised one section of the pipe P, (shown at its lower end with a point, Y,) by suitable ropes attached to a clamp, L, which holds the pipe P. Into the pipe P is introduced the plunger A. with its stem B attached, so that the cup of the cup-leathers M and N is downward and the extension of the stem is upward. The water-conduit H is attached at opening H and a water-supply made by turning the valves in the proper manner, which will cause a flow through the pipe P and the head Y. The stem B is held in a clamp, K, on the derrick, which clamp can be readily opened and closed, and through which the stem may pass until the cock E reaches it. The flow of water out of the point Y washes away the ground and allows the pipe P to sink. WVhen the top of that section of the pipe P reaches a point low enough to permit another section to be added on top ofit and below the top of the derrick, the stem B is introduced in the sections, and they are raised on the derrick, and the stem B is coupled into the opening G of the three-way valve, and after making proper waterconnections the valves are turned so as to make the supply through the stem B, when the conduit H is disconnected at H, and the second section of pipe P is coupled to the lower section, and as the pipe P sinks in the ground the plungerA, being held by the swivel-head to the derrick, the pipe P passes down about it until the top of pipe P is lower than the cock E, when the clamp K is fastened about stem B, (from which it was removed prior to fastening together the two sections of pipe P,) when the conduit H is fastened to H and the valves changed, so as to make the water-supply through the conduit H, when the stem B is disconnected with cock E, and another section of pipe P is introduced, in the same manner as above, until suflicient depth of pipe isreached or an obstruction which prevents further sinking, in the manner indicated.

WVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In an apparatus for forming deep wells,

the combination of a plunger with two detachable supply-conduits, and mechanism to close either inlet between the point of attachment of the conduits and the interior of the plunger, substantially as specified.

2. The plunger, in combination with a hollow stem, a three-way cock, and two detachable water-supply conduits, as specified and set forth.

3. The combination, with a tube or pipe, of

6. The tube or pipe made in sections and a 15 plunger fitted within one section, in combination with a hollow stem, a three-way cock, and two detachable water'supply conduits so arranged that additional sections of tube or pipe may be added at the upper end without interrupting a water-supply through the stem and plunger within the tube or pipe fed downward about the plunger, as specified and set forth.

S. W. DOUGLASS.

"Witnesses:

JosEPH J. SULLIVAN, E. G. THOMPSON. 

